Differentiate Control Group vs. Experimental Group

 Here is a clear differentiation between Control Group and Experimental Group:

Basis of DifferenceControl GroupExperimental Group
DefinitionGroup that does not receive the experimental treatmentGroup that receives the experimental treatment or variable
PurposeActs as a baseline for comparisonUsed to test the effect of the independent variable
Exposure to Independent VariableNot exposed to the independent variableExposed to the independent variable
Change ExpectedNo significant change expected (if independent variable has effect)Change is expected if the treatment has an effect
Used for ComparisonYes, compared against experimental group to measure effectNo, used to observe the direct impact of intervention
Example (in education study)Students who do not watch any teaching videoStudents who watch a teaching video

In short:

  • The control group shows what happens without the treatment.

  • The experimental group shows what happens with the treatment.

Both groups are essential to determine causal effects in research.

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