Some alternative models related to systematic reviews, literature reviews, and evidence synthesis,

 Here are some alternative models related to systematic reviews, literature reviews, and evidence synthesis, commonly used in finance, management, and social sciences research.

1️⃣ PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)

✔ Used for systematic literature reviews (SLR) and meta-analyses.
✔ Ensures transparent and structured reporting.
✔ Commonly used in finance, economics, and management research.

🔹 Alternative PRISMA Versions:

  • PRISMA-ScR – For scoping reviews (broad research synthesis).
  • PRISMA 2020 – Updated version with better reporting guidelines.

2️⃣ PICO Model (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome)

✔ Used in evidence-based research (commonly in medical and social sciences).
✔ Helps in formulating clear research questions.
✔ In finance, it can be adapted as:

📌 Example for Finance Research:
P (Population): Indian investors
I (Intervention): Fintech adoption
C (Comparison): Traditional banking services
O (Outcome): Improvement in financial inclusion

3️⃣ SPIDER Model (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type)

✔ Alternative to PICO, especially for qualitative research.
✔ Helps structure literature reviews with non-experimental studies.

📌 Example for Behavioral Finance Research:
S (Sample): Retail investors
PI (Phenomenon of Interest): Behavioral biases in stock market decisions
D (Design): Survey-based study
E (Evaluation): Impact on investment returns
R (Research Type): Qualitative & quantitative

4️⃣ SALSA Framework (Search, Appraisal, Synthesis, Analysis)

✔ Used in narrative reviews and non-systematic reviews.
✔ Good for descriptive literature synthesis when meta-analysis is not needed.

📌 Example for Financial Performance Research:
S (Search): Data from BSE/NSE-listed firms
A (Appraisal): Screening based on profitability & debt levels
L (Synthesis): Comparing performance over time
S (Analysis): Evaluating trends & firm valuation

5️⃣ GRADE Model (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation)

✔ Used for ranking the quality of evidence in systematic reviews.
✔ Helps assess certainty of findings based on different sources.

📌 Example for Risk Management Research:

  • High-quality evidence → Data from RBI, SEBI, IMF.
  • Moderate-quality evidence → Industry reports, corporate filings.
  • Low-quality evidence → Opinion-based sources.

6️⃣ ROSES (RepOrting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses)

✔ Alternative to PRISMA for environmental and social sciences research.
✔ Structured review process focusing on policy-related studies.

Which Model Should You Use?

🔹 PRISMA → If conducting a systematic review or meta-analysis.
🔹 PICO / SPIDER → If designing a focused research question.
🔹 SALSA → If performing a narrative or descriptive review.
🔹 GRADE → If evaluating the quality of financial data sources.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Two-Step System GMM (Generalized Method of Moments)

 The Two-Step System GMM is a dynamic panel data estimation technique designed to address: Endogeneity of explanatory variables Unobserved heterogeneity (fixed effects) Autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity It improves upon simpler estimators (like OLS or FE) and is particularly useful when the model includes lagged dependent variables . ⚙️ System GMM: The Basics Developed by Arellano & Bover (1995) and Blundell & Bond (1998) , System GMM combines: Difference GMM (Arellano & Bond, 1991): First-differences the model to remove fixed effects and uses lagged levels as instruments . Level GMM (Blundell & Bond) : Uses lagged differences as instruments for the level equation to improve efficiency. 🧮 The Dynamic Panel Model A typical dynamic panel data model is: y i t = α y i t − 1 + β X i t + μ i + ε i t y_{it} = \alpha y_{it-1} + \beta X_{it} + \mu_i + \varepsilon_{it} y i t ​ = α y i t − 1 ​ + β X i t ​ + μ i ​ + ε i t ​ Where: y...
Read more

Shodhganaga vs Shodhgangotri

  Shodhganga and Shodhgangotri are both initiatives by the INFLIBNET Centre (Information and Library Network Centre) in India. They aim to promote research and knowledge sharing in the academic community but serve different purposes. Here’s a comparison: Feature Shodhganga Shodhgangotri Purpose Repository for completed theses and dissertations. Repository for research proposals and synopses. Content Full-text doctoral theses and dissertations submitted by universities. Approved research proposals and synopses of doctoral students. Focus Stage of Research Final stage – after the research is completed. Initial stage – before the research begins. Target Audience Researchers looking for completed, peer-reviewed research work. Scholars looking for examples or ideas for research topics and methodologies. Utility ...
Read more

Panel Stationarity Tests: CADF and CIPS Explained

 When dealing with panel data , testing for stationarity (i.e., whether variables have a constant mean and variance over time) is crucial before estimation—especially in macroeconomic and financial studies. Two advanced second-generation panel unit root tests used to check for stationarity while accounting for cross-sectional dependence are: 🔹 1. CADF (Cross-sectionally Augmented Dickey-Fuller) Test 📌 Developed by: Pesaran (2007) CADF is an extension of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test that augments each ADF regression with cross-sectional averages to account for cross-sectional dependence . 🔍 Model Form: For each unit i i i , the CADF regression is: Δ y i t = a i + b i y i , t − 1 + c i y ˉ t − 1 + d i Δ y ˉ t + ∑ j = 1 p ϕ i j Δ y i , t − j + ε i t \Delta y_{it} = a_i + b_i y_{i,t-1} + c_i \bar{y}_{t-1} + d_i \Delta \bar{y}_{t} + \sum_{j=1}^{p} \phi_{ij} \Delta y_{i,t-j} + \varepsilon_{it} Δ y i t ​ = a i ​ + b i ​ y i , t − 1 ​ + c i ​ y ˉ ​ t − 1 ​ + d i ...
Read more